← Grammar
Lesson 35N4Minna no Nihongo II

天気が よければ — conditionals ば / なら

Two more conditionals: the general 〜ば and the topic-based 〜なら.

21
~ば、…ば — if (general condition)
Condition

A hypothetical condition: 行く→行けば, 安い→安ければ, ない→なければ.

天気が よければ、出かけます。

てんきが よければ、でかけます。

If the weather is good, I'll go out.

Verbs: う-row → え-row + ば (行く→行けば, 飲む→飲めば). い-adjectives: 〜い → 〜ければ (安い→安ければ). Used for general “if A then B” relationships.

22
~なら、…なら — if it's the case that
Condition

Responds to a topic: “if (we're talking about) A, then…”.

京都へ 行くなら、バスが 便利です。

きょうとへ いくなら、バスが べんりです。

If you're going to Kyoto, the bus is convenient.

なら takes up something just mentioned or assumed and gives advice/opinion about it. It attaches to the plain form or a noun (日本語なら…).