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Explanation んですN5N41 rule

んです / のです: explaining and asking for an explanation

んです frames a sentence as an explanation of a situation both people can see. Used wrongly it sounds like you are demanding an account of someone.

Also known asn desuno desuんですexplanatory nondesu ga

The ~んです form

んです attaches to the plain form. Each cell shows the form んです attaches to (行く → 行くんです); tap a cell to hear the full form.

Type現在 +Pres +現在 −Pres −過去 +Past +過去 −Past −
行くVerb
忙しいい-adj
元気な-adj
病気Noun

⚠️ For na-adjectives and nouns, the affirmative non-past turns だ into な: 元気なんです, 病気なんです (never “だんです”). Every other cell is just the plain form + んです.

1
~んですんです — explaining / asking why
Explanation んです

んです adds an explanatory nuance — giving or seeking a reason or background.

どうしたんですか。…ちょっと 頭が 痛いんです

どうしたんですか。…ちょっと あたまが いたいんです。

What's the matter? … My head hurts a bit.

んです (plain: んだ) attaches to the plain form of a verb/adjective (na-adjective and noun add な: 病気なんです). It frames the sentence as an explanation, a reason, or a request for one.

Use it to ask “why / what's going on” (どうして…んですか) or to explain your situation. Overusing んです on neutral statements can sound pushy.

In the textbooksMinna II, lesson 26Genki I, lesson 12